What does the term "backdraft" refer to in firefighting?

The term "backdraft" specifically refers to a sudden fire explosion that occurs when a fire has consumed the available oxygen in a confined space. When more oxygen is introduced, such as when a door or window is opened, the existing heat combines with the new oxygen, leading to a rapid flame spread and a violent explosion. This phenomenon is dangerous for firefighters and can lead to serious injuries or fatalities if not properly recognized and managed.

The distinct characteristics of backdraft include a buildup of smoke and heat at the ceiling, which may signal its potential. Understanding backdraft is crucial for firefighting strategy and crew safety, making it a fundamental concept in fire behavior. Knowing the signs of backdraft helps firefighters make informed decisions on ventilation and firefighting tactics.